Meanwhile, the rather complicated compound known as sugar is formed by carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms combining by sharing some of their electrons (valence electrons), i.e. A substance that is formed like this is called an ionic compound. Na+ and Cl- electrically attract each other to form the compound known as salt (NaCl). We will not go into the detailed reasons for this behavior here it is sufficient to state that sodium atoms (Na), due to their nature, tend to release an electron e- to become Na+ sodium ions, and chlorine atoms (Cl) tend to accept an electron e- to become Cl- chloride ions. It is that sugar (C6H12O6) does not turn into ions, whereas salt (NaCl) completely ionizes into sodium ions (Na+) and chloride ions (Cl-), allowing electric current to flow. In contrast, current flows extremely easily through salt solution. When sugar, particularly high-purity granulated sugar, is dissolved in water, the ease with which electricity (or current, to be more precise) flows through it is almost the same as that of the original water. (However, some substances do not dissolve in water, as would be expected from the Japanese phrase “water and oil” used to indicate things that do not mix because of their fundamentally different natures.) Let us look at the differences between the properties of aqueous solutions of sugar and salt.
However, a small proportion of water molecules separate into hydrogen ions H+ and hydroxyl-ions OH-.”īecause water is in this form at room temperature, it dissolves many kinds of substances. “Concentration of Hydrogen Ions” in “The Basis of pH ” section of this site states that, “Water is represented by the molecular formula H2O, and is mostly in the form of H2O molecules, which are very stable. Before discussing the measurement of ions using ion selective electrodes, let us talk about ions in aqueous solution.
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